{"id":7422,"date":"2015-12-23T10:34:07","date_gmt":"2015-12-23T09:34:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/jirivyslouzil.cz\/databaze_ovoce\/?page_id=7422"},"modified":"2016-03-18T09:31:48","modified_gmt":"2016-03-18T08:31:48","slug":"visen","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/jirivyslouzil.cz\/databaze_ovoce\/visen\/","title":{"rendered":"Vi\u0161e\u0148"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Vi\u0161e\u0148 pat\u0159\u00ed stejn\u011b jako t\u0159e\u0161e\u0148 do \u010deledi Rosaceae \u2013 r\u016f\u017eovit\u00fdch. Je tetraploidn\u00ed (4n=32), n\u011bkter\u00e9 odr\u016fdy jsou samospra\u0161n\u00e9 nap\u0159. \u2019Morela pozdn\u00ed\u2019, \u2019Morellenfeuer\u2019, \u2019Fanal\u2019, n\u011bkter\u00e9 jsou naopak cizospra\u0161n\u00e9 jako nap\u0159. \u2019Vackova\u2019, \u2019Ostheimsk\u00e1\u2019, \u2019Kr\u00e1lovna Hortenzie\u2019. N\u011bkter\u00e9 odr\u016fdy mohou b\u00fdt \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b samospra\u0161n\u00e9. Ve v\u00fdsadb\u00e1ch s\u00a0cizospra\u0161n\u00fdmi odr\u016fdami je nutn\u00e9 um\u00edstit alespo\u0148 4 v\u010delstva na 1 ha u samospra\u0161n\u00fdch posta\u010d\u00ed pro lep\u0161\u00ed opylen\u00ed 1 v\u010delstvo\/ha. Pom\u011br opylova\u010d\u016f ve sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00fdch v\u00fdsadb\u00e1ch by m\u011bl b\u00fdt 1:3 a\u017e 1:5. \u00a0Kulturn\u00ed odr\u016fdy vi\u0161n\u011b se rozli\u0161uj\u00ed pomologicky podle vzr\u016fstu stromu, tvaru a velikosti listu, tvorbu palist\u016f a \u017el\u00e1zek na \u0159ap\u00edc\u00edch, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v\u0161ak podle vlastnost\u00ed plod\u016f na:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Vi\u0161n\u011b prav\u00e9: ( <em>Prunus cerasus<\/em> L. subsp. <em>eucerasus<\/em> ), obvykle s\u00a0men\u0161\u00edmi korunami a p\u0159evisaj\u00edc\u00edmi v\u011btvemi, s\u00a0men\u0161\u00edmi listy a palisty.\n<ul>\n<li>var. <em>austera<\/em> \u2013 <strong>kyselky<\/strong>: tvo\u0159\u00edc\u00ed men\u0161\u00ed a\u017e mal\u00e9 koruny, s\u00a0p\u0159evisaj\u00edc\u00edmi tenk\u00fdmi v\u011btvemi, s\u00a0plody barvy tmavo\u010derven\u00e9 a\u017e \u010derno\u010derven\u00e9, chuti navinul\u00e9 nebo nakysl\u00e9 a \u0161\u0165\u00e1vy \u010derven\u00e9, BARV\u00cdC\u00cd, s\u00a0pal\u00edstky na stopk\u00e1ch plod\u016f.<\/li>\n<li>var. caproniana \u2013 <strong>AMARELKY<\/strong>: tvo\u0159\u00edc\u00ed men\u0161\u00ed koruny, s\u00a0tenk\u00fdmi v\u011btvemi, s plody barvy sv\u011btleji \u010derven\u00e9, pestr\u00e9 \u010di \u017elut\u00e9, chuti navinul\u00e9 nebo kysel\u00e9 a \u0161\u0165\u00e1vy sv\u011btle \u017elut\u00e9, nebarv\u00edc\u00ed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Sladkovi\u0161n\u011b: k\u0159\u00ed\u017eenci t\u0159e\u0161n\u00ed a vi\u0161n\u00ed (P. <em>avium<\/em> x P. <em>cerasus<\/em>), s\u00a0korunou p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed t\u0159e\u0161n\u011b a s\u00a0v\u011bt\u0161\u00edmi listy.\n<ul>\n<li>var. colorata \u2013 <strong>VLASTN\u00cd SLADKOVI\u0160N\u011a<\/strong>: s\u00a0plody barvy tmavo\u010derven\u00e9, s\u00a0chut\u00ed navinule sladkou, \u0161\u0165\u00e1vou \u010dervenou barv\u00edc\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>var: vitrina \u2013 <strong>SKLE\u0147OVKY<\/strong>: s\u00a0plody barvy \u017elut\u00e9 nebo pestr\u00e9, s\u00a0chut\u00ed navinule sladkou, \u0161\u0165\u00e1vou sv\u011btle \u017elutou, nebarv\u00edc\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Obsahov\u00e9 l\u00e1tky: <\/strong>Energetick\u00e1 hodnota: 2090 kJ.kg-1, voda 838 g.kg-1, sacharidy 126 g.kg-1, vl\u00e1knina 7 g.kg-1, b\u00edlkoviny 8 g.kg-1, lipidy 4,4 g.kg-1, vitam\u00edny: C-kys.askorbov\u00e1 52 mg.kg-1, PP niacin 2,4 mg.kg-1, vit A 1,55 mg.kg-1, miner\u00e1ln\u00ed l\u00e1tky: K \u2013 1950 mg.kg-1, P \u2013 250 mg.kg-1, Ca \u2013 186 mg.kg-1, Mg \u2013 133 mg.kg-1, S \u2013 92 mg.kg-1, Cl &#8211; mg.kg-1, Na \u2013 64 mg.kg-1.<\/p>\n<p>Vi\u0161n\u011b jsou m\u00e9n\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed na stanovi\u0161t\u011b ne\u017e t\u0159e\u0161n\u011b. \u00dasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b se mohou p\u011bstovat i ve vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch poloh\u00e1ch. Nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jsou, ale polohy do 350 m\/M s\u00a0pr\u016fm\u011brnou ro\u010dn\u00ed teplotou okolo 8\u00b0C, suma sr\u00e1\u017eek by m\u011bla dosahovat do 650 mm. Na p\u016fdy nejsou n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9, nevyhovuj\u00ed pouze zamok\u0159en\u00e9 a t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 p\u016fdy. V\u00a0kombinaci s\u00a0podno\u017e\u00ed typu mahalebka sn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed dob\u0159e i sucho.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Podno\u017ee:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>generativn\u00ed: P-TU-1, P-TU-2, P-TU-3, MH-KL-1;<\/li>\n<li>vegetativn\u00ed: Colt, P-HL-A, -P-HL-B a P-HL-C;<\/li>\n<li>n\u011bkter\u00e9 vi\u0161n\u011b se mohou p\u011bstovat jako pravoko\u0159enn\u00e9 nap\u0159. odr\u016fdy Morava a Bare;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>V\u00a0praxi se u vi\u0161n\u00ed uplat\u0148uje nej\u010dast\u011bji p\u00e1sov\u00e1 v\u00fdsadba \u010dtvrtkmen\u016f ( s\u00a0v\u00fd\u0161kou kmene 80 \u2013 120 cm) ve sponu dle podno\u017ee 5-6 x 3-5 m, nebo z\u00e1krsky ve sponu 4- 4,5 x 2-3 m (na pt\u00e1\u010dnici nebo mahalebce). P\u0159i sponu 5 x 3 m je hustota v\u00fdsadby \u010dtvrtkmen\u016f 600 ks\/ha. Plodnost vi\u0161n\u00ed za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 na mahalebce 3.-4. rokem. \u017divotnost v\u00fdsadeb trv\u00e1 20-25 let.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vi\u0161e\u0148 pat\u0159\u00ed stejn\u011b jako t\u0159e\u0161e\u0148 do \u010deledi Rosaceae \u2013 r\u016f\u017eovit\u00fdch. Je tetraploidn\u00ed (4n=32), n\u011bkter\u00e9 odr\u016fdy jsou samospra\u0161n\u00e9 nap\u0159. \u2019Morela pozdn\u00ed\u2019, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5218,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-7422","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/jirivyslouzil.cz\/databaze_ovoce\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7422","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/jirivyslouzil.cz\/databaze_ovoce\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/jirivyslouzil.cz\/databaze_ovoce\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/jirivyslouzil.cz\/databaze_ovoce\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/jirivyslouzil.cz\/databaze_ovoce\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7422"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/jirivyslouzil.cz\/databaze_ovoce\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7422\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7424,"href":"http:\/\/jirivyslouzil.cz\/databaze_ovoce\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7422\/revisions\/7424"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/jirivyslouzil.cz\/databaze_ovoce\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5218"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/jirivyslouzil.cz\/databaze_ovoce\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7422"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}