{"id":7306,"date":"2015-12-23T10:18:59","date_gmt":"2015-12-23T09:18:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/jirivyslouzil.cz\/databaze_ovoce\/?page_id=7306"},"modified":"2015-12-23T10:35:20","modified_gmt":"2015-12-23T09:35:20","slug":"maliny-a-ostruziny","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/jirivyslouzil.cz\/databaze_ovoce\/maliny-a-ostruziny\/","title":{"rendered":"maliny a ostru\u017einy"},"content":{"rendered":"

Malin\u00edk pat\u0159\u00ed do \u010deledi Rosaceae<\/em> \u2013 r\u016f\u017eovit\u00fdch. Zahradnicky v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 jsou d\u00e1le R. strigosus<\/em> (Michx.), R. peltatus<\/em> Maxim., R. spectabilis<\/em> Pursh., R. amabilis<\/em> Focke., R. niveus<\/em> Thunbg., R occidentalis<\/em> L. atd. Odr\u016fdy malin\u00edku mohou m\u00edt plody barvy \u010derven\u00e9, oran\u017eov\u00e9, \u017elutav\u00e9, b\u011blav\u00e9 i \u010dern\u00e9. Plodem je souplod\u00ed peckovi\u010dek ! V\u011bt\u0161ina malin\u00edk\u016f je diploidn\u00edch (2n=14), n\u011bkter\u00e9 jsou i tetraploidn\u00ed (4n=28). Odr\u016fdy jsou samospra\u0161n\u00e9 i cizospra\u0161n\u00e9, hmyzosnubn\u00e9. P\u0159i v\u00fdsadb\u011b se doporu\u010duje pro lep\u0161\u00ed opylen\u00ed vysadit alespo\u0148 dv\u011b odr\u016fdy a zajistit v\u010delstva nebo \u010dmel\u00e1ky.<\/p>\n

Podle plodnosti se d\u011bl\u00ed na:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. jednou plod\u00edc\u00ed \u2013 plod\u00ed na 2let\u00fdch v\u00fdhonech, kter\u00e9 se ve druh\u00e9m roce v\u011btv\u00ed, plod\u00ed a cel\u00e9 odum\u00edraj\u00ed. Nov\u00e9 odno\u017ee vyr\u016fstaj\u00ed b\u011bhem vegetace z\u00a0pupen\u016f na ko\u0159enech a ko\u0159enov\u00e9m kr\u010dku.<\/li>\n
  2. dvakr\u00e1t plod\u00edc\u00ed \u2013 (poloremontantn\u00ed) v\u011bt\u0161ina porostu plod\u00ed na 2let\u00fdch v\u00fdhonech, ale 10-30 % porostu \u00a0plod\u00ed v\u00a0roce n\u00e1r\u016fstu v\u00fdhon\u016f (1\/2 \u0159\u00edjna). Nap\u0159. \u2019Lloyd George\u2019. Odplozen\u00e9 v\u00a0prvn\u00edm roce mohou plodit i ve druh\u00e9m roce.<\/li>\n
  3. remontantn\u00ed \u2013 rozkv\u00e9t\u00e1 ve vrcholov\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stech v\u00fdhonu v t\u00e9m\u017ee roku (VIII), plody dozr\u00e1vaj\u00ed postupn\u011b od poloviny VIII do IX. Odplozen\u00e9 p\u0159ezimuj\u00ed (odum\u00edr\u00e1 pouze vrcholov\u00e1 odplozen\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st) a jako 2let\u00e9 plod\u00ed v\u00a0n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm roce<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Obsahov\u00e9 l\u00e1tky<\/strong>: Energetick\u00e1 hodnota: 2300 kJ.kg-1, voda 844 g.kg-1, sacharidy 116 g.kg-1, vl\u00e1knina 52 g.kg-1, b\u00edlkoviny 10 g.kg-1, lipidy 8 g.kg-1,vitam\u00edny: C-kys.askorbov\u00e1 225 mg.kg-1, E-tokoferol 4,8 mg.kg-1, PP niacin 4 mg.kg-1, kys. pantotenov\u00e1 2,4 mg.kg-1, miner\u00e1ln\u00ed l\u00e1tky: K-1810 mg.kg-1, P-438 mg.kg-1, Ca- 410 mg.kg-1, Mg-180 mg.kg-1, S-170 mg.kg-1, Cl-77 mg.kg-1, Na-58 mg.kg-1, Fe \u2013 10,5 mg.kg-1, Mn-10,1 mg.kg-1.<\/p>\n

    Malin\u00e1m se da\u0159\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ve v\u0161ech ovocn\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch oblastech s\u00a0dostatkem p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9ho slune\u010dn\u00edho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed s\u00a0nadmo\u0159skou v\u00fd\u0161kou do 500-650 m\/M. Vyhovuj\u00edc\u00ed jsou oblasti s\u00a0pr\u016fm\u011brnou ro\u010dn\u00ed teplotou 6 \u00b0C, se sr\u00e1\u017ekami okolo 700 mm. Nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u016fdn\u00ed reakce je okolo 5,6 a\u017e 6,5 pH. Hladina podzemn\u00ed vody nejv\u00fd\u0161e do 0,9 m<\/p>\n

    V\u00a0praxi se uplat\u0148uje v\u00edcero technologi\u00ed:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    a)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed bez opory (p\u0159irozen\u00e1 p\u00e1sov\u00e1 v\u00fdsadba)<\/p>\n

    b)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00a0oporou typy opor jsou<\/p>\n

      \n
    • vertik\u00e1ln\u00ed \u201eI\u201c veden\u00ed (jednoduch\u00e1 dr\u00e1t\u011bnka)<\/li>\n
    • veden\u00ed \u201eT\u201c tzv. dvojit\u00e1 dr\u00e1t\u011bnka<\/li>\n
    • veden\u00ed \u201eV\u201c plodn\u00e9 v\u00fdhony jsou vyvazov\u00e1ny k\u00a0obou stran\u00e1m,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      c)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed u samostatn\u00fdch k\u016fl\u016f<\/p>\n

      Podle zp\u016fsobu p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed vysazujeme maliny do sponu 2,5 \u2013 3 x 0,4 -0,6 m. Na b\u011b\u017en\u00fd metr se ponech\u00e1v\u00e1 10-12 dob\u0159e vyvinut\u00fdch a nepo\u0161kozen\u00fdch v\u00fdhon\u016f. Maliny nastupuj\u00ed do plodnosti podle druhu plodnosti 1-2 rokem. \u017divotnost v\u00fdsadeb je 8-10 rok\u016f (n\u011bkdy i v\u00edce).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Malin\u00edk pat\u0159\u00ed do \u010deledi Rosaceae \u2013 r\u016f\u017eovit\u00fdch. Zahradnicky v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 jsou d\u00e1le R. strigosus (Michx.), R. peltatus Maxim., R. spectabilis Pursh., […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-7306","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/jirivyslouzil.cz\/databaze_ovoce\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7306","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/jirivyslouzil.cz\/databaze_ovoce\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/jirivyslouzil.cz\/databaze_ovoce\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/jirivyslouzil.cz\/databaze_ovoce\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/jirivyslouzil.cz\/databaze_ovoce\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7306"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"http:\/\/jirivyslouzil.cz\/databaze_ovoce\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7306\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7428,"href":"http:\/\/jirivyslouzil.cz\/databaze_ovoce\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7306\/revisions\/7428"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/jirivyslouzil.cz\/databaze_ovoce\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7306"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}